A shaped charge structure is a special charge structure that utilizes the Munroe effect to generate high-speed metal jets and is widely applied in engineering fields such as oil perforation, blasting drilling, and rock fragmentation. Amorphous alloy jets exhibit superior penetration capabilities and hole-enlargement effects, making them effective for enhancing the overall penetration capability of shaped charge structures. A systematic investigation into the jet evolution characteristics of Zr-based amorphous alloy composite liners was presented. Using finite element numerical modelling, the jet formation behavior of Zr-based amorphous alloys under high strain rates was simulated. By analysing the influence of various shaped charge configurations on the jet performance of Zr-based amorphous alloys through finite element modelling, the jet formation characteristics of Zr-based amorphous alloys under high strain rate conditions were simulated. The investigation examined how different shaped charge configurations affect the jet performance, determining both the optimal charge geometry and the standoff distance. The high-strain-rate jet morphology was thoroughly characterized, providing theoretical support for applications in shaped charge design. The results demonstrate that amorphous alloy liners can generate distinctive jet formations. The composite liners fabricated by combining amorphous alloys with copper not only ensure adequate penetration depth of the shaped charge jet but also significantly increase the perforation diameter while enhancing postpenetration effects.