With the development of comprehensive coal mining technology, the development and research of high corrosion-resistance materials are urgently needed. To clarify the main factors affecting the corrosion resistance of cylinder barrel materials, an electrochemical corrosion method was used to study the corrosion resistance of hydraulic bracket cylinder barrel material A and B, combined with the alloy composition, inclusion composition, microstructure and postcorrosion morphology to analyse the key factors affecting the corrosion resistance of material B. The results show that the electrochemical performance of material A is better than that of domestic material B, and a large number of“pockmarks” appear on the surface of material B after electrochemical corrosion. The mechanical properties of the material are improved as a result of the addition of C, Cr and Nb in material B together with grain refinement. However, high-density CaS-Aloxide-MnS composite inclusions are formed in the matrix due to the introduction of Ca and S during the smelting process, which deteriorates the corrosion resistance of the material.