高端装备的效能与服役寿命，在很大程度上取决于其核心基础部件的性能。 高压柱塞泵作为液压系统的心脏，其关键摩擦副组件在极端工况下的长寿命、高可靠性制造，是我国实现高端装备自主可控所面临的共性技术瓶颈之一。 本文系统综述了适用于柱塞泵关键组件的砂型铸造、熔模铸造、压力铸造及半固态铸造等主流与前沿工艺的工作原理、技术特征与适用范围。 探讨了如何通过多工艺融合设计与过程数字化模拟等先进策略，实现对铸件凝固路径的精准调控与内部缺陷的主动抑制，从而显著提升组件的力学、摩擦学性能及服役寿命。 对比分析了相关技术路径，对关键摩擦副组件铸造工艺向智能化、绿色低碳以及结构与功能一体化方向发展进行了展望，并提出了高压柱塞泵的性能跨越发展的解决方案。

The efficiency and service life of advanced equipment largely depend on the performance of its core basiccomponents. As the heart of the hydraulic system, the high-pressure piston pump relies on key friction pair components.Achieving long life and high reliability in the manufacturing of these components under extreme working conditions is amajor technical challenge. This is one of the common bottlenecks China faces in achieving autonomy and controllability inadvanced equipment. This paper systematically reviews both mainstream and cutting-edge processes suitable for key pistonpump components. These processes include sand casting, investment casting, pressure casting, and semisolid casting. Theirworking principles, technical characteristics, and application scopes are discussed. How to precisely control the castingsolidification path and actively suppress internal defects is explored. This is achieved through advanced strategies such asmultiprocess integration design and digital simulation. These methods can significantly improve the mechanical andtribological properties and service life of components. By comparing and analysing relevant technical paths, the paper looksforward to the development of casting processes for key friction pair components. This development is moving towardintelligence, green low-carbon practices, and structural and functional integration. A solution for the development of high-pressure piston pumps is proposed