系统研究了压蜡工艺参数对熔模铸造蜡模质量的耦合影响机制， 通过生产案例分析了蜡液温度 (52~65 ℃)、包蜡压力(1.5~2.5 MPa)、流量(80~200 cm3/s)、循环时间等参数对蜡模成形性、尺寸精度及表面缺陷的作用规 律。结果表明，蜡液温度高于60℃时，蜡模收缩率增大导致缩陷，低于55℃则充型能力不足引发黏模；包蜡压力需动态 调整以平衡模具形变与蜡模致密度；流量与注蜡孔径的协同优化可减少冷隔与卷气缺陷。 通过缺陷-参数调整模型，提 出“压力流量优先、温度微调”的优化策略。

The coupling effects of wax injection process parameters on the quality of wax patterns in investment casting were systematically investigated. Production experiments were conducted to analyse the influence of key parameters, including wax temperature (52~65 ℃), wrapping pressure (1.5~2.5 MPa), flow rate (80~200 cm3/s) and cycle time, on the formability, dimensional accuracy, and surface defects of wax patterns. The results show that when the wax temperature exceeds 60 ℃, the shrinkage rate increases, leading to depression, whereas temperatures below 55 ℃ result in insufficient filling capacity and mold sticking. The wrapping pressure requires dynamic adjustment to balance mold deformation and wax pattern density. The synergistic optimization of the flow rate and injection hole diameter reduces cold shuts and gas entrapment. By establishing a defect-parameter adjustment model, an optimization strategy of “prioritizing pressure and flow rate, followed by temperature fine-tuning” is proposed.