刃板的磨损失效往往导致整个挖斗报废，为了提高其耐磨性能，采用等离子熔覆技术在刃板材料 Q345B表面制备高钼高钒铁基耐磨涂层，研究熔覆电流 (120 、 140 、 160 A) 对涂层组织结构的影响，考察涂层的显微硬度、摩擦磨损与耐冲击性能。 结果表明，电流大小对涂层的组织结构与界面状态影响较大，涂层组织主要由马氏体基体、弥散分布的细小球形碳化钒 (VC) 、多边形块状硼化钼 (Mo 2 B) 和层片状复合硼碳化物 (M 2 (B, C)) 组成。 120 A 下制备的涂层与基材界面处存在局部未熔合区，增大电流导致涂层中 VC 的尺寸和分布间距变大， Mo 2 B 消失， M 2 (B, C) 增多且尺寸增大。 涂层的平均显微硬度约为 920 HV 0.1 ，是耐磨钢 NM400 的 2 倍多，同等条件下的磨损失重仅为 NM400 的 1/20 ，表现出优异的耐磨性能。 带基材的涂层具有良好的耐冲击性能，且平行熔覆纹路的耐冲击性能优于垂直熔覆纹路的。

 To improve the wear resistance of cutting edge plates on digging buckets, Fe-based hard coatings with high Mo and V contents were prepared on Q345B steel by plasma cladding technology. The effects of cladding current (120, 140, 160 A) on the structure of the coatings were analysed, and the hardness, wear resistance and impact resistance of the coatings were investigated. The results show that the cladding current has a significant influence on the microstructure and interface quality of the coatings. The coatings mainly consist of a martensitic matrix with distributed fine spherical VC particles, polygonal Mo 2 B and lamellar composite M 2 (B, C). Localized unfused zones are observed at the interface between the substrate and the coating prepared at 120 A. As the current increases, the size of the VC particles in the coatings increases, their distribution density decreases, and the size of Mo 2 B decreases or even disappears in the coating prepared at 160 A, while the size of M 2 (B, C) increases and the number increases. The average hardness of the coatings is approximately 920 HV 0.1 , which is more than twice that of NM400 steel, and the weight loss is only 1/20 of that of NM400 under the same abrasion conditions, showing better wear resistance. The coating specimens exhibit good impact resistance, and the coatings with parallel cladding patterns are superior to those with vertical cladding patterns.