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基于数值模拟的通海阀铜合金铸件工艺优化
Optimization of the Copper Alloy Casting Process for Sea Valves Based on Numerical Simulation
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- DOI:
- 作者:
- 余 勃1，张学宾1，2，3，杨 冉2，3，4 ，周延军1，2，3，郁 炎5，刘乐乐5
YU Bo1, ZHANG Xuebin1,2,3, YANG Ran2,3,4, ZHOU Yanjun1,2,3, YU Yan5, LIU Lele5
- 作者单位:
- 1. 河南科技大学 材料科学与工程学院，河南 洛阳 471000； 2. 有色金属新材料与先进加工技术省部共建协同创新中心，河南 洛阳 471000； 3. 河南省有色金属材料科学与加工技术重点实验室，河南 洛阳 471000； 4. 河南科技大学 医学技术与工程学院，河南 洛阳 471000； 5. 洛阳船舶材料研究所(中国船舶集团有限公司第七二五研究所)，河南 洛阳 471000
1. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471000, China; 2. Provincial and Ministerial Co-construction Collaborative Innovation Center of Nonferrous New Materials and Advanced Processing Technology, Luoyang 471000, China; 3. Henan Key Laboratory of Advanced Nonferrous Materials, Luoyang 471000, China; 4. School of Medical Technology and Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471000, China; 5. Luoyang Ship Material Research Institute, Luoyang 471000, China
- 关键词:
- Cu-7Ni-7Al-4Fe-2Mn合金；砂型铸造；数值模拟；工艺优化
sea valve; Cu-7Ni-7Al-4Fe-2Mn alloy; sand casting; numerical simulation; process optimization
- 摘要:
针对某船舶通海阀在铸造过程中易产生缩孔、缩松等缺陷问题，以Cu-7Ni-7Al-4Fe-2Mn合金通海阀铸件为研究对象，使用三维制图软件UG构建了铸件3D模型，并结合通海阀铸件的结构特性，设计了底注式浇注系统。利用数值模拟软件模拟了铸件的砂型铸造过程，分析了可能出现缩孔、缩松缺陷的位置，优化了通海阀铸件的浇注系统。研究了浇注温度、浇注时间、铸型预热温度等参数对铸件缩孔、缩松率的影响规律，结合正交试验方法优化出匹配的铸造工艺参数。研究结果表明，工艺参数对通海阀铸件缩孔率的影响程度从大到小依次是浇注时间、铸型预热温度、浇注温度。优化后的工艺参数分别为浇注温度1 200 ℃，浇注时间30 s，铸型预热温度35 ℃。通过在铸造缺陷较多的部位增大冒口尺寸，有效减少了缩孔、缩松铸造缺陷的产生。
To address the problems of shrinkage cavity and porosity during the casting process of a certain ship's sea valve, Cu-7Ni-7Al-4Fe-2Mn alloy sea valve casting was used as the research object. A 3D model of the casting was constructed using the 3D mapping software UG, and a bottom pouring system was designed based on the structural characteristics of the sea valve casting. The process of sand casting was simulated by finite element numerical simulation software, the possible locations of shrinkage cavity and porosity were analysed, and the pouring system of sea valve castings was optimized. The influence of factors such as pouring temperature, pouring time, and sand mold preheating temperature on shrinkage cavity and porosity of casting was studied, and the matching casting process parameters were optimized in combination with orthogonal experimental methods. The results indicate that the influence of the process parameters on the shrinkage rate of sea valve casting decreases in the order of pouring time, sand mold preheating temperature, and pouring temperature. The optimized process parameters included a pouring temperature of 1 200 ℃, a pouring time of 30 s, and a sand mold preheating temperature of 35 ℃. By increasing the size of the riser in the parts where casting defects are easily generated, the occurrence of shrinkage cavity and porosity casting defects is effectively reduced.