以铝及其合金作为基体的铝基复合材料不仅继承了铝合金选择范围广、易于加工制备及可热处理等优点，同时利用了不同类型增强体的优势，具有良好的综合力学、物理及化学等性能。 高性能的轻质高强铝基复合材料的出现，为满足航空航天领域的应用需求提供了新途径，逐渐替代传统铝合金及其他基体类型的复合材料，在航空航天领域具有广阔的应用前景。 基于此，本文介绍了铝基复合材料的基本分类，综述了近年来国内外铝基复合材料制备方法的主要进展，总结分析了铝基复合材料的物理、化学、力学、摩擦等性能，概述了铝基复合材料在航空航天领域的应用情况，最后展望了铝基复合材料的发展及应用，以期对促进铝基复合材料的发展及在航空航天领域的应用有所帮助。

Aluminum matrix composites (AMCs) using aluminum and its alloys as the matrix not only inherit the advantages of a wide selection range of aluminum alloys, easy processing and preparation, and good heat treatment performance but also utilize the advantages of different types of reinforcements, which make AMCs have excellent comprehensive mechanical, physical, and chemical properties. The emergence of high-performance lightweight and high-strength aluminum matrix composites has broad application prospects, which provides a new way to meet the application needs of the aerospace field and gradually replace traditional aluminum or other types of composite materials to become an important component of aerospace materials. Based on this, this article introduces the basic classification of aluminum matrix composites, summarizes the main preparation methods and characteristics of aluminum matrix composites in recent years, and analyses the physical, chemical, mechanical, friction and other properties of aluminum matrix composites. Finally, the application of aluminum matrix composites in the aerospace field is summarized, and the development and application of aluminum matrix composites are discussed. It is hoped that this article will be helpful for better promoting the development of aluminum matrix composites and their applications in the aerospace field.