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Al 3 Ti/A356 复合材料微观组织及力学性能研究
Microstructure and Tensile Properties of Al 3 Ti/A356 Composite
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- DOI:
- 作者:
- 李亚龙 ，董志武，陈 咪 ，刘志伟 ，余申卫 ，何 源 ，尚金翅
LI Yalong ， DONG Zhiwu ，CHEN Mi， LIU Zhiwei ，YU Shenwei ， HE Yuan ， SHANG Jinchi
- 作者单位:
- 西安交通大学 材料科学与工程学院 金属材料强度国家重点实验室，陕西 西安 710049； 中国船舶重工集团公司 第十二研究所，陕西 兴平 713102； 山东金马汽车装备科技有限公司，山东 临沂 276000
State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China; CSSC NO.12 Research Instiute, Xingping 713102, China; Shandong Jinma Automotive Equipment Technology Co., Ltd., Linyi 276000, China
- 关键词:
- Al 3 Ti/A356 复合材料；超声；重熔稀释；微观组织；力学性能
Al 3 Ti/A356 composite; ultrasound; remelting and diluting; microstructure; tensile property
- 摘要:
- 采用原位铸造法将 Al 3 Ti 颗粒与铝基体复合可制备出高比强度的 Al 3 Ti/Al 复合材料。 原位 Al 3 Ti 相易生成大尺寸长杆状颗粒且易团聚，降低熔体铸造性能并造成铸造缺陷。 将超声处理工艺与原位铸造法结合，借助超声的空化和声流效应可有效分散并细化 Al 3 Ti 颗粒，从而制备出组织均匀及性能优异的 Al 3 Ti/Al 复合材料。 本文以 Al 和 K 2 TiF 6为反应体系，通过超声辅助熔盐法制备出 10%Al 3 Ti/Al( 质量分数 ) 中间合金，在此基础上采用超声辅助重熔稀释法可制备出组织均匀及力学性能良好的 5%Al 3 Ti/A356( 质量分数 ) 复合材料，并对其微观组织和力学性能进行分析。 结果表明，向 A356 基体中加入 5%( 质量分数 )Al 3 Ti ， 能够显著细化晶粒， α-Al 平均晶粒尺寸从 250 μm 细化为 135 μm ， 降低了46% ； T6 热处理态复合材料的屈服强度、抗拉强度和伸长率分别为 232 MPa 、 287 MPa 、 3.5% ，相比于 A356 合金分别提高了 10.4% 、 12.5% 、 94.4% 。An Al 3 Ti/Al composite with high specific strength can be prepared by combining Al 3 Ti particles and an Al matrix. The large Al 3 Ti phase in the Al melt decreases castability and subsequently increases the casting defects. The research draws a probable solution to this issue such as redistribution of Al 3 Ti particles by ultrasonic treatment. By combining ultrasonic treatment with in-situ casting, under the effect of ultrasonic cavitation and acoustic flow, the in-situ Al 3 Ti particles are dispersed uniformly and finer. Hence, Al 3 Ti/Al composites with homogeneous microstructure and excellent properties can be prepared by using the high-intensity ultrasound. The 10%Al 3 Ti/Al(mass fraction) master alloy was prepared by ultrasound assisted molten salt method. Then, a 5%Al 3 Ti/A356 (mass fraction ) composite with a homogeneous microstructure and good tensile properties was fabricated from the Al-K 2 TiF 6 system via an ultrasound assisted remelting and dilution approach. The microstructure and tensile property of the composite have been investigated. The results indicate that the α-Al grains in the A356 alloy decrease from 250 μm to 135 μm (a 46% decrease) by adding 5%(mass fraction) Al 3 Ti particles. Moreover, the yield strength, ultimate tensile strength and elongation of the composite after T6 heat treatment are 232 MPa, 287 MPa and 3.5% (improved by 10.4%, 12.5% and 94.4%, respectively, in comparison with the A356 alloy).