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固溶处理在镍基高温合金中作用的研究进展
Research Progress of Solution Treatment in Nickel-based Superalloys
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- DOI:
- 作者:
- 强军锋 梅自寒 余竹焕 刘蓓蕾 费祯宝
QIANG Junfeng;MEI Zihan;YU Zhuhuan;LIU Beilei;FEI Zhenbao
- 作者单位:
- 西安科技大学材料科学与工程学院
School of Materials Science and Engineering,Xi'an University of Science and Technology,Xi'an 710054,China
- 关键词:
- 镍基高温合金 固溶处理 凝固组织 元素偏析 力学性能
Ni-base superalloy solution heat treatment solidified microstructure element segregation mechanical properties
- 摘要:
- 随着镍基高温合金服役温度的不断提高,难溶元素含量的增多使合金固溶处理难度进一步增加。为了能更有效地制定出最佳的热处理制度,将固溶处理对镍基高温合金凝固组织、元素偏析以及力学性能的影响进行综合分析。结果表明,均匀化处理可以提高合金的初熔温度。适当提高固溶温度,延长固溶时间,增加固溶处理步骤可以显著减少合金元素的偏析,降低γ/γ′共晶组织、TCP相的体积分数,使碳化物转变为更稳定的类型,残余γ′相体积分数有所降低。但不同的固溶处理工艺对不同合金析出的γ′相尺寸、体积分数的影响仍存有差异,需对不同合金分别进行研究。新提出的斜坡固溶处理与重熔固溶处理均是保证在没有初熔组织存在的条件下,尽量提升固溶处理温度,使元素分布更均匀,并获得比传统逐步固溶处理更小的残余偏析,持久寿命明显增加。最后综述了固溶处理对合金微观组织及力学性能的影响机理,并指出今后的研究方向。
With the increasing of the service temperature of nickel-based superalloy,the increasing of the content of refractory elements made the treatment of solid solution more difficult.In order to formulate the best heat treatment system more effectively,the effects of solid solution treatment on solidification structure,element segregation and mechanical properties of nickel-based superalloy were comprehensively analyzed.The results show that the homogenization treatment can increase the initial melting temperature of the alloy.Increasing the solid solution temperature,prolonging the solid solution time and increasing the solid solution processing steps can significantly reduce the segregation of alloying elements,reduce the volume fraction ofγ/γ′eutectic structure and TCP phase,change the carbide into a more stable type,and reduce the volume fraction of residual alwaysγ′phase.However,the effect of different solid solution treatment processes on the size and volume fraction of the bulk phase precipitated from different alloys is still different,so different alloys need to be studied separately.Both the slope solid solution treatment and remelting solid solution treatment are proposed to ensure that the temperature of solid solution treatment can be increased as far as possible under the condition that there is no primary melt tissue,so that the distribution of elements can be more uniform,and the residual segregation can be smaller than that of the traditional gradual solid solution treatment,thus significantly increasing the durable life.Finally,the influence mechanism of solid solution treatment on microstructure and mechanical properties of alloys was reviewed,and the future research direction was pointed out.