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铸造用 PVA 改性酚醛水性黏结剂研究
Study on PVA Modified Phenolic Waterborne Binder for Casting
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- DOI:
- 作者:
- 但思源，张建军，马素德
DAN Siyuan, ZHANG Jianjun, MA Sude
- 作者单位:
- 西华大学 材料科学与工程学院，四川 成都 610039
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi Hua University, Chengdu 610039, China
- 关键词:
- 水性黏结剂；酚醛树脂；脲醛树脂；PVA
aqueous binder; phenolic resin; urea formaldehyde resin; polyvinyl alcohol
- 摘要:
- 传统油溶性铸造黏结剂环保性和溃散性差， 不利于型砂重复利用且会影响铸件质量。 本文以 PVA
(polyvinyl alcohol)、苯酚、甲醛和尿素等为基本原料，通过碱-酸-碱 3 步法制备了水性树脂样品，并将其用作铸造黏结
剂，树脂样品进行了红外光谱、热失重分析及基本性能测试。 结果表明，使用通过酯化反应与缩聚反应所制备的水
性黏结剂制备型砂，其抗拉强度可达 2.24 MPa，且随着树脂添加量的增加，抗拉强度不断上升。 该黏结剂的溃散性能
(500 ℃ Vs 600 ℃)及发气量(1.3 mL/g Vs 2.4 mL/g)均优于酚醛树脂；使用过程中无明显刺激性气味；使用后的型砂可通
过湿法处理清除黏结剂，减少对环境的污染。 制备所得 PVA 改性酚醛树脂有望在铸造中用作新型黏结剂。
The traditional oil soluble casting adhesive has poor environmental protection and collapsibility, which is not conducive to the reuse of molding sand and will affect the quality of castings. With polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), phenol, formaldehyde and urea as basic raw materials, water-based resin samples were prepared by the alkali-acid-alkali three-step method and used as casting adhesives. The resin samples were analysed by infrared spectroscopy and thermogravimetry, and their basic properties were tested. The results show that the tensile strength of molding sand made up of water-based adhesive prepared by esterification reaction and polycondensation reaction can reach 2.24 MPa, and increase with increasing resin addition. The collapsibility (500 ℃Vs 600 ℃) and gas generation (1.3 mL/g Vs 2.4 mL/g) of the water-based adhesiveare better than those of phenolic resin. There is no obvious pungent odor during use. Moreover, the molding sand can be treated by a wet method to remove the binder after use, reducing pollution to the environment. The product is expected to be used as a new type of water-based adhesive in casting.