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C-HRA-3镍基耐热合金真空感应熔炼脱氧 脱氮热动力学研究
Thermodynamics and Kinetics of Deoxidation and Denitrification in Vacuum Induction Melting of C-HRA-3 Nickel-based Heat Resisting Alloy
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- DOI:
- 作者:
- 李龙飞，林腾昌，梁 强，何西扣，陈正宗，陈 琨
LI Longfei, LIN Tengchang, LIANG Qiang, HE Xikou, CHEN Zhengzong, CHEN Kun
- 作者单位:
- 钢铁研究总院有限公司，北京 100081
Central Iron and Steel Research Institute, Beijing 100081, China
- 关键词:
- C-HRA-3 耐热合金；脱氧；脱氮；热动力学；真空感应熔炼
C-HRA-3 heat resistant alloy; deoxidation; denitrification; thermodynamics and kinetics; vacuum induction melting
- 摘要:
- 为探明真空感应熔炼 C-HRA-3 镍基耐热合金脱氧和脱氮过程的热动力学规律，采用 VIM-50 型真空感应
炉熔炼高纯合金原料，严格控制冶炼条件并取过程样检测，借助物理化学原理对实验结果进行分析。 结果表明，精炼温
度升高，C-HRA-3 合金液中的平衡碳氧积增大而氮的平衡溶解度降低，真空度提高同时降低氧和氮的平衡溶解度。在实
验冶炼条件（1 582 ℃, 2.7 Pa）下，平衡[O]和[N]含量分别为 3.73×10-4%和 23.66×10-4%。 随着精炼期延长，[O][N]含量逐渐
降低，精炼后期时受 MgO 坩埚分解影响[O]含量二次升高。 C-HRA-3 合金真空碳脱氧反应和脱氮反应的限制性环节分
别为[O]在液相边界层中的扩散和[N]原子在界面处的化学反应，经计算[O]在液相边界层中的平均传质系数 k[O]为 2.68×
10-3 cm/s，脱氮反应为二级反应，反应表观速率常数为 0.733 cm/s。
In order to explore the thermodynamic law of the deoxidation and denitrification of C-HRA-3 nickel-base heat-resistant alloy by vacuum induction melting, high purity alloy raw materials were melted by VIM-50 vacuum induction furnace. The smelting conditions were strictly controlled. Samples were taken for monitoring and analysis. The results show that with the increase of refining temperature, the equilibrium carbon and oxygen product in C-HRA-3 alloy solution increases, while the nitrogen equilibrium solubility decreases. The vacuum degree is increased while the equilibrium solubility of oxygen and nitrogen is reduced. Under the experimental smelting condition (1 582 ℃, 2.7 Pa), the equilibrium [O] and [N] contents are 3.73×10-4% and 23.66×10-4%, respectively. With the prolongation of refining period, [O] and [N] contents gradually decreased, and the content of [O] increased twice due to the influence of MgO crucible decomposition in later refining period. The limiting links of vacuum carbon deoxidation and denitrification of C-HRA-3 alloy are the diffusion of [O] in the liquid boundary layer and the chemical reaction of [N] atoms at the interface, respectively. The calculated average mass transfer coefficient k[O] in the liquid boundary layer is 2.68×10-3 cm/s. The denitrification reaction is a second-order reaction with an apparent rate constant of 0.733 cm/s.