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物理场下合金熔体扩散系数测量研究进展
Progress of Measuring Atomic Diffusion Coefficient in Alloy Melt under High Magnetic Field
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- DOI:
- 作者:
- 林文浩,蔡浩,刘颖,周邦飞,郑天祥,钟云波
LIN Wenhao, CAI Hao, LIU Ying, ZHOU bangfei, ZHENG Tianxiang, ZHONG Yunbo
- 作者单位:
- 上海大学 省部共建高品质特殊钢冶金与制备国家重点实验室 & 材料科学与工程学院
State Key Laboratory of Advanced Special Steel & Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Ferrometallurgy & School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University
- 关键词:
- 合金熔体;扩散系数;熔体对流;强静磁场
Liquid alloy; Diffusion coefficient; Melt convection; High static magnetic field
- 摘要:
- 合金熔体扩散系数的准确测量有助于了解金属熔体的原子结构和原子迁移的物理本质,为液态金属原子扩散机制和物理模型建立以及后续的材料设计等诸多研究提供实验依据。由于合金熔体中不可避免存在多种类型流动,准确测量合金熔体中扩散系数仍然存在挑战。本文介绍了合金熔体扩散系数的几种测量技术,包括长毛细管技术、毛细管-熔池技术、剪切单元技术、滑动剪切技术、X射线成像技术和重力辅助自动对接技术;概述了在地面,微重力以及强静磁场等测量环境下利用上述技术对扩散系数的测量;分析对比了目前测量技术的优缺点。通过重力辅助自动对接装置,实现了高达22T强静磁场环境下扩散系数的测量。结果表明,强静磁场能够有效抑制熔体对流,并获得与微重力场下所测数据相当的扩散系数值。利用强静磁场的磁流体动力学效应有望创造纯扩散的测量环境, 进一步提高扩散系数测量的准确性。
Accurate measurement of alloy melt diffusion coefficient is helpful to understand the atomic structure of metal melt and the physical essence of atom migration, which provides experimental supports for the establishment of atomic diffusion mechanism and physical model of liquid metal and subsequent material design. Due to the inevitable existence of various types of flow in alloy melt, accurate measurement of diffusion coefficient in alloy melt still remains challenges. This paper introduces several techniques of alloy melt diffusion coefficient measurement, including long capillary technique, capillary-melt pool technique, shear cell technique, sliding shear technique, X-ray imaging technique and gravity-assisted automatic docking technique. The measurement of diffusion coefficient using the above technology in the measurement environment of ground, microgravity and high static magnetic field is summarized. The advantages and disadvantages of current measurement technologies are analyzed and compared. The measurement of diffusion coefficient in a high static magnetic field of up to 22 T was realized by gravity-assisted automatic docking device. The results show that the high static magnetic field can effectively suppress the melt convection and obtain the diffusion coefficient value similar to the data under microgravity. The magnetohydrodynamic effect caused by the high static magnetic field is expected to create a diffusive measurement environment and further improve the measurement accuracy of diffusion coefficient.