原铝生产面临严峻的环境与能源压力，回收利用 A356 铝合金废料兼具显著的环保和经济价值。 然而，废铝再生过程铁元素易过量积累，较低熔体冷速下会形成粗大脆性富铁相，恶化合金力学性能。 本研究通过提高熔体冷速优化富铁相的形貌与组成，以铁含量为 0.36%(质量分数)的 A356 铝合金为研究对象，采用不同尺寸的铜模调控熔体冷速(15~108 K/s)，对比研究各熔体冷速下富铁相的形貌、尺寸及分布规律。 结果表明，随着熔体冷速的提高，富铁相显著细化，分布更趋均匀。 相组成分析进一步表明，提高熔体冷速(72~108 K/s)有效抑制了粗大有害相 β-Fe 的析出，转而促进形成更为细小、对基体割裂作用较弱的 π-Fe 相。

The primary Al production industry poses significant environmental and energy challenges, making the recyclingof A356 Al alloy scrap highly attractive from both ecological and economic perspectives. A critical issue in recycling is theinevitable accumulation of Fe, which leads to the formation of coarse, brittle iron-rich intermetallics at lower solidificationcooling rates, severely degrading the mechanical properties. On this basis, the role of increased cooling rates in modifyingthe morphology and composition of these iron-rich phases was investigated. Using a copper mold technique to achieve arange of cooling rates (15~108 K/s), their impact on the microstructure of an A356 Al alloy containing 0.36 wt.% Fe wassystematically examined. The results demonstrate that higher cooling rates significantly refine the iron-rich phases andpromote a more uniform distribution. Phase analysis further revealed that at elevated cooling rates (72~108 K/s), theprecipitation of the detrimental β-Fe phase is suppressed, favouring the formation of the less harmful π-Fe phase.