类金刚石(DLC)薄膜凭借高硬度、高弹性模量、低摩擦系数、优异耐磨性等特点，在航空航天、汽车工业等领域展现出广阔的应用前景，是实现工程超滑的理想材料。 然而，热稳定性差、膜基结合强度不足等问题严重制约了其产业化应用。 本文介绍了 DLC 薄膜的结构特征及其典型制备方法， 深入剖析了元素掺杂改性、 多层结构设计等策略对DLC 薄膜结构与摩擦学性能的调控机制 ，并阐述了分子动力学等理论模拟方法 ，从原子尺度揭示了实验改性策略 的 微 观 调 控机制及 DLC 薄膜的超润滑机制。最后，分析了当前 DLC 薄膜摩擦学研究面临的挑战，并对未来研究方向进行了展望。

Diamond-like carbon (DLC) films, known for their outstanding hardness, high elastic modulus, low frictioncoefficient, and excellent wear resistance, are ideal solid lubricants for achieving engineering superlubricity in aerospaceand automotive applications. However, their poor thermal stability and insufficient adhesion strength between the film andthe substrate severely hinder their widespread industrial application. Herein, the structural characteristics and typicaldeposition methods of DLC films are reviewed, and an in-depth analysis of how elemental doping and multilayer structuredesign modulate the film structure and tribological performance is provided. Moreover, it elucidates how theoreticalsimulation methods such as molecular dynamics reveal the microscopic regulatory mechanisms of these experimentalmodification strategies as well as the superlubricity mechanisms of DLC films at the atomic scale. Finally, the currentchallenges in DLC tribology research and future research directions are discussed.