随着航空航天装备向轻量化、整体化和高可靠性方向发展，传统铝合金制造工艺在复杂结构成形、材料利用率和制造周期等方面逐渐难以满足先进飞行器的需求。 增材制造技术凭借设计自由度高、近净成形和结构一体化制造等优势，为航空航天铝合金构件制造提供了新的技术路径。 本文围绕航空航天用铝合金增材制造研究进展，系统综述了激光粉末床熔融、 电弧增材制造和定向能量沉积等主要增材制造工艺的特点， 重 点 分 析 了 Al-Si、Al-Cu、Al-Mg、Al-Mg-Si 及 Al-Zn-Mg-Cu 等典型铝合金的成形行为、组织演化、缺陷控制和性能调控研究进展。同时，结合轻量化支架、通信卫星波导、空间光学组件和火箭贮箱等典型工程应用，归纳了增材制造铝合金在航空航天构件中的应用现状。 最后，总结了当前航空航天铝合金增材制造面临的热裂纹、孔隙、残余应力、组织各向异性及服役可靠性等关键问题，并展望了增材制造专用铝合金设计、智能过程控制、后处理协同优化和标准化认证等未来发展方向。

With the development of aerospace equipment for lightweight, integrated, and highly reliable structures,conventional manufacturing processes for aluminium alloys are becoming increasingly unable to meet the requirements ofadvanced aircraft and spacecraft in terms of complex-structure fabrication, material utilization, and manufacturing cycles.Owing to its high design freedom, near-net-shaped forming capability, and advantages in integrated structuralmanufacturing, additive manufacturing provides a new technical route for the fabrication of aerospace aluminium alloycomponents. Focusing on recent progress in additive manufacturing of aluminium alloys for aerospace applications, thispaper systematically reviews the characteristics of major additive manufacturing processes, including laser powder bedfusion, wire arc additive manufacturing, and directed energy deposition. The forming behavior, microstructural evolution,defect control, and property regulation of typical aluminium alloy systems, including Al-Si, Al-Cu, Al-Mg, Al-Mg-Si, andAl-Zn-Mg-Cu alloys, are analysed in detail. In addition, representative engineering applications, such as lightweightbrackets, communication satellite waveguides, space optical components, and rocket propellant tanks, are summarized toillustrate the current application status of additively manufactured aluminium alloys in aerospace components. Finally, keychallenges in aerospace aluminium alloy additive manufacturing, including hot cracking, porosity, residual stress,microstructural anisotropy, and service reliability, are discussed, and future development directions are proposed, includingthe design of aluminium alloys specifically for additive manufacturing, intelligent process control, synergistic optimizationof postprocessing, and standardization and certification.