球墨铸铁曲轴铸件除了要求高强度和高耐磨性，含油道的曲轴铸件还要求高的气密性。曲轴中可能出现的 孔洞缺陷易成为汽油泄漏的通道，因此必须避免孔洞类缺陷。本文对曲轴铸造过程中容易出现的孔洞类缺陷如缩松、皮 下气孔的形成原因进行了分析，根据汽车用球墨铸铁曲轴油道边缘孔洞的缺陷种类探索了形成机理，并结合生产情况 提出相应优化措施，生产实践证明了优化措施的有效性。

Not only high strength and high wear resistance were required for ductile iron crankshaft castings with oil channel, but also high air tightness was required. The possible hole defects in crankshaft was easy to become the leakage channel of gasoline, so the hole defects must be avoided. The cause of formation of hole defects in crankshaft casting is analyzed, such as shrinkage porosity and subcutaneous pores, and probes into the formation mechanism of hole defects in crankshaft oil channel edge of automobile nodular cast iron. The production practice has proved the effectiveness of the optimization measures.