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超声与氩气冷却对 2219 铝合金组织及偏析的影响
Effects of Ultrasonication and Argon Cooling on the Microstructure and Segregation of 2219 Aluminium Alloy
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- DOI:
- 作者:
- 蒋日鹏 1 ， 2 ，刘京柱 1 ， 2 ，李瑞卿 1 ， 2 ，胡仁俊 1 ， 2 ，李安庆 1
JIANG Ripeng 1,2 , LIU Jingzhu 1,2 , LI Ruiqing 1,2 , HU Renjun 1,2 , LI Anqing 1,2
- 作者单位:
- 1. 中南大学 轻合金研究院，湖南长沙410083；2. 中南大学 极端服役性能精准制造全国重点实验室，湖南 长沙 410083
1. Light Alloy Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China; 2. State Key Laboratory of Precision Manufacturing for Extreme Service Performance, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
- 关键词:
- 气氛保护;铸造;2219铝合金;超声铸造;第二相;宏观偏析;
atmosphere protection; casting; 2219 aluminium alloy; ultrasonic casting; second phase; macroscopic segregation
- 摘要:
- 2219 铝合金作为一种广泛应用于航天、汽车制造等领域的重要合金，其在一般重力铸造条件下生产的铸锭容易出现孔缩、第二相聚集、宏观偏析等问题。 本研究在高纯气氛保护条件下，采用超声辅助处理熔体与氩气冷却相结合的方法制备了 2219 铝合金铸锭。 通过光谱仪、光学显微镜 (OM) 、扫描电子显微镜 (SEM) 等手段研究了超声波、氩气冷却对改善 2219 铝合金凝固组织及宏观偏析的影响。 结果表明，在高纯气氛保护下，超声作用对 2219 铝合金铸造具有良好的细化晶粒、均匀化第二相的效果，组织内无疏松缩孔缺陷。 当超声与氩气冷却共同作用时，铸锭晶粒细化及第二相均匀化效果更佳，平均晶粒尺寸减小 69.4% 。 超声空化效应促进了更多溶质元素在铝熔体中的均匀分布，提高了晶粒形核率，同时在空化破碎与声流的扰动效应作用下，第二相组织更为细小均匀，宏观偏析显著改善。As an important alloy widely used in the aerospace and automobile manufacturing industries, 2219 aluminium alloys are prone to hole shrinkage, second-phase aggregation, and macroscopic segregation of ingots produced under general gravity casting conditions. In this study, 2219 aluminium alloy ingots were prepared by combining the ultrasound-assisted treatment of melt and argon cooling under high-purity atmosphere protection. The effects of ultrasonication and argon cooling on the solidification structure and macroscopic segregation of 2219 aluminium alloy were studied by spectrometer, OM, SEM, etc. The experimental results show that under high-purity atmosphere protection, ultrasonication has a good effect on refining grains and homogenizing the second phase in 2219 aluminium casting, and there are no loose shrinkage defects in the microstructure. When ultrasonication and argon cooling are applied together, the grain refinement and second-phase homogenization of the ingot are improved, and the average grain size is reduced by 43.5%. Due to the cavitation effect of ultrasound, the nucleation of the melt is accelerated, promoting the solid solution of more solute elements in the aluminium matrix. At the same time, under the disturbance effect of cavitation fragmentationand sound flow, the second phase structure is finer and more uniform, and the macroscopic segregation is greatly improved.