研究了 V 合金化对 Al-9Si 合金凝固过程、微观组织和力学性能的影响。 结果表明，在 Al-9Si 合金中添加V，析出化合物 Si2V，而无 AlV 化合物析出，V 对初生 α-Al 的析出温度无明显影响。 随着 V 量增加，Al-9Si 合金的初生α-Al 的形核温度和形核过冷度同步增加，0.4%V(质量分数)使形核温度由未添加 V 的 607.5 ℃上升至 612.6 ℃，过冷度由 24 ℃增加至 27.1 ℃；继续增加 V 量，形核温度略有升高，但形核过冷度略有减小。 V 添加使 Al-9Si 合金初生 α-Al 晶粒形态由枝晶向等轴晶转变，Al-9Si-0.4V 合金的 α-Al 晶粒尺寸由 Al-9Si 的 593 μm 细化至 302 μm。 V 对共晶 Si 无变质作用，但 V 能使针状 β-Al5FeSi 转变为鱼骨状的 Al12(Fe,V)3Si 相。 0.6%Sb(质量分数)变质 Al-9Si-0.4V 合金的抗拉强度、屈服强度和伸长率为 153.9 MPa、78.5 MPa 和 6.56%，较 Al-9Si 合金分别提高 23.8%、14.1%和 102.4%；硬度由47.3 HV 提高至 59.1 HV。 Al-9Si 合金的拉伸断口由撕裂棱和解理台阶组成，而 Al-9Si-0.4V-0.6Sb 合金断口中的解理台阶显著减少，撕裂棱变得更加致密，出现了以共晶 Si 为中心的韧窝，呈混合断裂特征。

The effect of V alloying on the solidification process, microstructure, and mechanical properties of an Al-9Si alloy was investigated. The results show that when V is added to the Al-9Si alloy, the Si2V phase precipitates, but no AlV phase precipitates, and V has no obvious effect on the precipitation temperature of the primary α-Al. With increasing V content, the nucleation temperature and supercooling of the primary α-Al particles in the Al-9Si alloy increase simultaneously. By adding 0.4 wt. % V, the nucleation increases from 607.5 ℃ for Al-9Si to 612.6 ℃ , and the supercooling increases from 24 ℃ to 27.1 ℃. With increasing V content, the nucleation temperature slightly increases, but the nucleation supercooling slightly decreases. A transition from columnar to equiaxed growth occurs when V is added to the Al-9Si alloy. The α-Al grain size of the Al-9Si-0.4V alloy is refined from 593 μm for Al-9Si to 302 μm. V has no modifying effect on the eutectic Si, but V could cause the transformation of needle-shaped β-Al5FeSi to fishbone-shaped Al12 (Fe,V)3Si. The tensile strength, yield strength and elongation of the 0.6 wt. % Sb -modified Al-9Si-0.4V alloy are 153.9 MPa, 78.5 MPa and 6.56%, respectively, which are 23.8%, 14.1% and 102.4% greater than those of the Al-9Si alloy. The hardness increases from 47.3 HV to 59.1 HV. The fracture morphology of the Al-9Si alloy is composed of tearing edges and cleavage steps, while the cleavage steps of the Al-9Si-0.4V-0.6Sb alloy are significantly reduced, the tearing edges become denser, and dimples with eutectic Si as the center appear, revealing mixed fracture features.