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淬火保温时间对高硼高速钢组织和硬度的影响
Effect of Quenching Holding Time on Microstructure and Hardness of High Boron High Speed Steel
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- DOI:
- 作者:
- 陈翰韬1马胜超2罗洋1汪婕1邢建东1马胜强1
CHEN Hantao 1 , MA Shengchao 2 , LUO Yang 1 , WANG Jie 1 , XING Jiandong 1 , MA Shengqiang 1
- 作者单位:
- 1. 西安交通大学金属材料强度国家重点实验室2. 中航工业陕西航空电气有限责任公司
1. Xi'an Jiaotong University, State Key Laboratory For Mechanical Behavior Of Metarials, Xi'an 710049, China; 2. Avic Shaanxi Aero Electric Co.LTD, Xingping, 710065, China
- 关键词:
- 高硼高速钢;合金元素;硼化物;硬度
high-boron high-speed steel; alloying element; borides; hardness
- 摘要:
- 传统高速钢有大量昂贵合金元素来形成高硬度碳化物，而用硼元素来替代昂贵金属元素形成高硬度硼化
物是一种经济可行的方法，从而开发出新型高硼高速钢。 借助扫描电子显微镜、 X 射线衍射仪、洛氏硬度计等研究了 B
含量为 1.5% 、 C 含量为 0.4% 的高硼高速钢铸态及淬火后的组织与性能。 结果表明，铸态高硼高速钢由铁素体、珠光体、
硼化物和少量马氏体组成，硼化物呈网状及鱼骨状分布于金属基体，组织中的硬质相主要由 M 2 B 、 Fe 3 （ C,B ）、 M 6 （ C,B ）组
成。 淬火后，部分硬质相出现断网和溶解。 当淬火保温时间不超过 2 h 时，部分小颗粒硼碳化物溶入基体，边缘发生钝
化，合金硬度显著提高。 当保温时间超过 3h 后，硼碳化物溶解严重，残余奥氏体增多，导致宏观硬度出现下降。
The microstructure and properties of high boron high speed steel with B content 1.5% and C content 0.4% were
studied by means of scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Rockwell hardness tester. The
results show that the as-cast high boron high speed steel is composed of ferrite, pearlite, boride and a small amount of
martensite. The borides are distributed in the metal matrix in the form of mesh and fishbone. The hard phase in the
structure is mainly composed of M 2 B, Fe 3 (C,B) and M6(C,B). After quenching, part of the hard phase appears broken and
dissolved. When the quenching holding time is less than 2 h, some small boron carbide particles dissolve into the matrix,
passivation occurs at the edge, and the hardness of the alloy is significantly increased. When holding time exceeds 3 h, the
boron carbide dissolves seriously, the residual austenite increases, and the macro hardness decreases.