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激光增材制造金属构件内部缺陷控制与 无损检测特性研究
Study on Internal Defect Control and Nondestructive Testing Characteristics of Metal Components Formed by Laser Additive Manufacturing
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- DOI:
- 作者:
- 张吴双
ZHANG Wushuang
- 作者单位:
- 沈阳飞机工业（集团）有限公司，辽宁 沈阳 110034
Shenyang Aircraft Company, Shenyang110034, China
- 关键词:
- 激光增材制造；大型金属构件；冶金缺陷；气孔；未熔合
laser additive manufacturing; large metal components; metallurgical defects; pore; unfused
- 摘要:
- 高性能大型金属构件激光增材制造技术，以其突出制造优势为航空航天领域等高端装备中大型复杂关键
金属构件的短周期、低成本制造提供了新途径。 研究激光增材过程中的内部缺陷是实现激光增材制造金属构件在关键
承力结构工程应用的前提。 以某钛合金主承力构件激光增材制造为例，总结激光增材制造金属构件中气孔、未熔合、夹
杂物和微裂纹 4 种典型内部缺陷的基本特征，分析出 4 种内部缺陷形成的机理，提出了可以有效控制内部缺陷的工艺。
此外，介绍了金属增材制造的无损检测特性。
Laser additive manufacturing technology for high performance large scale metal components provides a new way for short cycle and low cost manufacturing of large complex key metal components in high-end equipment such as aerospace field due to its prominent manufacturing advantages. The research on the internal defects in laser additive manufacturing process is the premise of realizing the application of laser additive manufacturing metal components in key load-bearing structure engineering. Taking laser additive manufacturing of a titanium alloy main load-bearing component as an example, the basic characteristics of four typical internal defects in laser additive manufacturing of metal components, such as porosity, unfusion, inclusion and microcrack, were summarized, the formation mechanism of four internal defects was analyzed, and an effective process to control internal defects was proposed. In addition, the nondestructive testing characteristics of metal additive manufacturing were introduced.