针对复杂内腔精密铸件用氧化钙陶瓷型芯，研究基于浆料挤出的陶瓷型芯 3D 打印工艺。 采用碳酸钙粉末与聚乙二醇溶液混制陶瓷浆料，通过自制挤出式 3D 打印装置进行陶瓷坯体制备，再经过烧结工艺得到铸造用陶瓷型芯。 以坯体表面粗糙度为衡量指标，基于响应面法以针头内径、层高 / 内径和打印速度进行三因素三水平 Box-Behnken试验。采用逐步回归法拟合得到表面精度回归模型，通过方差分析得出最优工艺方案。结果表明，针头内径是影响陶瓷型芯坯体精度的主要因素。 最优 3D 打印工艺参数为针头内径 0.41 mm 、 层高与针头内径之比 0.75 、 打印速率29.87 mm/s ，此时陶瓷型芯坯体表面粗糙度为 35.39 μm 。

The 3D printing process of calcia ceramic cores based on slurry extrusion was investigated for precision casting with complex inner cavities. The ceramic slurry was prepared by mixing calcium carbonate powder with polyethylene glycol solution, and ceramic green bodies were prepared using a self-constructed extrusion 3D printing device, followed by a sintering process to obtain ceramic cores for casting. A three-factor, three-level Box-Behnken test was conducted based on the response surface method with needle internal diameter, layer height/internal diameter and printing speed, using the surface roughness of the green bodies as a measure. A stepwise regression method was used to fit a surface accuracy regression model and the optimal process strategy was derived by Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). The results indicate that the inner diameter of the needle is the main factor affecting the accuracy of the ceramic green body. With the optimal 3D printing process parameters, which are 0.41 mm for the needle inner diameter, 0.75 for the ratio of the layer height/needle diameter, and 29.87 mm/s for the printing speed, the surface roughness of the ceramic body is 35.39 μm.